Load balancing is a research area in computer science and networking that focuses on distributing workload across multiple computing resources to ensure optimal resource utilization, minimize response time, and prevent overload on any single resource. This involves developing algorithms and techniques to dynamically allocate tasks or requests to different servers, nodes, or computing resources in a distributed system. Load balancing techniques aim to improve system performance, scalability, and availability by evenly distributing the workload and resources among multiple servers or nodes. This area of research is important for managing the increasing demand and complexity of modern computing systems.